Threat Intelligence Platforms 101

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By Alex Duffy, Security Solutions Architect, emt Distribution 

Threat Intelligence is quickly becoming one of the most powerful ideas in our current IT security landscape. Threat Intelligence allows you context for your data and helps empower your organisation to develop a proactive cyber security posture and strengthen overall risk management policies. It also helps security teams make more informed decisions during and in the aftermath of cyber-attacks.

So, you may already have a plethora of security products in place like Firewalls, Proxys and endpoint security, but are you able to see the big picture? With all of these security products logging back to your Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) it can come across as just noise. How can you evaluate if that IP address or domain is important to you?

Your trusty SIEM is collecting data, but do you know what it’s collecting or how important it is?  Maybe, you may have the SIEM using a lookup list so when it detects a bad IP it will alert you. Great, that’s a good start, but WHY is it a bad IP? Is it part of a larger attack? Is it just the beginning stages in the cyber kill chain? This is where context becomes key, linking into why Threat Intelligence is critical.

Rudimentary threat Intelligence can be achieved manually. An example being identifying an IP address you want to find out more information from, and then using the internet and your security sources to build a picture around it. But what if you want more comprehensive analytics, then you will need automation, which brings me onto my next point;

What is a Threat Intelligence Platform (TIP) and why do you need one?

 The human element is the slow part in threat intelligence. The human brain, although magnificent can often not compete with the ease and functionality of an automated system. Besides, why waste your Security Analyst’s precious hours when you can have half the cumbersome work done for you. Threat Intelligence Platforms (TIP) allow you to pass off key information like IPs and URLs that are important to you and build context on them using a large number of open source threat feeds and open source blocklists. A TIP becomes your single pane of glass to the security of your organisation. For example, you have seen a URL come through the proxy, and you have identified through the TIP that it is related to a malware campaign that re-uses their infrastructure and domain names for the command and control (C2) portion of their attack. By using this information, you now know that a device in your network is infected and you can begin the process to clean it up. TIPs make

Great, you now have a TIP, so what are your next steps? Automation. This will allow you to leverage the TIP to help make better informed decisions and then take action. In the above example I said that we saw a C2 URL in the proxy, and by using the TIP we have determined that it is malicious. Following this, and using automation, we can block said URL, either with or without human interaction.

But most importantly a TIP can parse through massive amounts of your data, provide context for your security logs, and focus your efforts in stopping real world threats. Last but not the least, A TIP optimises response time and improves remediation, and reports strategic, operational and tactical intelligence to stakeholders.

This all sounds cool right? Learn more about Threat Intelligence at our live webinar on April 17th. This interactive webinar is perfect for a security professional who wants to quickly identify real threats to their organisation, even if they don’t have the budget to build out a dedicated threat intelligence team.Register Here

 

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What do ASD Essential Eight changes mean for your organisation’s security

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TRIAL Vipre Endpoint Security

 

By Alex Duffy, Security Solutions Architect, emt Distribution 

The recent (25/2/19) and unexpected update to the Australian Signals Directorate’s Essential Eight Maturity Model serves to keep the ASD’s guidelines relevant going forward and address the latest weak points in IT security. What stays the same though is the ASD’s guidance on practical updates on how to stay ahead.

 

While these guidelines are specifically relevant to federal government organisations’ critical infrastructure they are now being pushed indirectly to contractors or businesses who work with the federal government. But even though these guidelines may not be mandatory for private businesses, they are best practice. If they are good enough to safeguard our political, defence and economic interests as a nation, they should be appropriate to safeguard our businesses from the majority of possible cyber security attacks and incidents.

 

This recent update sees fewer restrictions around patching but a higher level of control on Application Whitelisting which has now been extended to all workstations for levels 1 and 2 of the maturity models. Multi Factor Authentication no longer permits the use of SMS, emails or voicemails for level 1 maturity and specifically states a requirement for passwords to be longer than six characters at all levels.

 

But what does this actually mean for today’s IT professionals?

 

These changes reflect the changing priorities required to address today’s threat landscape. With the loosening of controls around patching, the ASD acknowledges the balancing act that security personnel must perform in certain environments. There is definite acknowledgement of the dilemma faced where patching may break functionality vs maintaining a secure environment and strict adherence. A reduction in the burden on already overworked IT admins meeting requirements while allowing better automation is removing overhead while not reducing security.

 

The higher importance placed on Application Whitelisting definitely reflects what we see in the marketplace. With Application Whitelisting now available as a mature solution it is reasonable to expect organisations to use it across their entire environment. Increased visibility alone of endpoint applications makes life easier for security, helpdesk and management alike stopping more endpoint threats before they reach any part of the network.

 

Combined focus on patch automation and increased scope of Application Whitelisting we also see as acknowledgement of a more distributed workforce need for security and higher difficulty in controlling remote endpoints.

 

The more specific wording for Multi Factor Authentication also recognises how threat actors are now working around basic MFA and endeavours to close those weak spots.

 

There are now only three maturity levels instead of the original five: Partly (level 1), Mostly (level 2) and Fully (level 3) aligned. Level 0 is no longer listed as it doesn’t meet even the most minimal criteria and level 4 is only required on an ad hoc basis depending on advice from the ASD. These changes assume that organisations will now at least begin to adhere to these standards to a degree and give a clear path to full alignment at level 3.

 

The biggest takeaway from this update appears to be that it is no longer reasonable for a business entity to not address the Essential Eight, especially with the removal of level 0. If a business has not yet met the criteria for level 1 then its current security measures are faulty and need immediate remediation.

We welcome this specific update because it reflects what our customers have been demanding already. emt’s focus on security solutions addresses the Essential Eight and beyond to ensure our customers’ networks are ahead of requirements using the latest technologies. We already have solutions that address the Top 4 – Airlock Digital, Flexera, Stealthbits, and Thycotic.

 

Read more about our solutions for Top 4 mitigations at https://www.emtdist.com/solutions/australian-signals-directorate-top-4-mitigations/

 

 

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Flashpoint Intelligence on APAC-ANZ Cyber Activity to Guide Upcoming Risk Decisions

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Author:  Aaron Shraberg, Flashpoint

 

Geopolitical and economic tensions between the United States, China, and North Korea figure to steer risk management decisions in the Asia-Pacific region for the coming months. Organisations, such as some recently targeted financial services institutions in Australia and New Zealand, should closely monitor cyber and political activity in the area.

The diverse geopolitical and economic interests of the states in the region play a significant role in driving and shaping cyber threat activity against entities operating in APAC. While most threat actors targeting organisations in the region are financially motivated, nation-state activity remains a potent threat against government and diplomatic entities, as well as financial organisations as nations such as North Korea continue to fund operations through hacking.

Political and Economic Events to Watch

As 2019 progresses, the ongoing trade conflict between the U.S. and China could spur an uptick in cyber activity against the U.S. and its closest Five Eyes allies, further eroding the Xi-Obama agreement to cease China’s industrial espionage activity for economic gain.

Last year, a limited number of named APT outfits operating in the region were alleged to be behind high-profile compromises and thefts of data and/or funds from global financial institutions, attacks on various multinational firms via third-party providers, and campaigns against the cryptocurrency industry.

North Korea is likely to remain a stressor in the region. It is unlikely to unilaterally disarm its nuclear program, and will likely ramp up its cyberattacks against APAC, ANZ, and Western financial institutions, as well as cryptocurrency exchanges in order to finance the regime and its activities. Organisations should also monitor unresolved disputes over ownership and militarisation of parts of the South China Sea, debates over the integrity of Huawei and ZTE devices in Western networks, and other events in the region that could impact businesses in ANZ and APAC.

While some criminal organisations operating in ANZ and APAC are believed to be behind Eastern European outfits in terms of experience and capabilities, APT activity from China and North Korea is considered highly advanced. Organizations in the region should be aware of campaigns linked to criminal or nation-states in the area, and some of the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) employed by these groups.

Advanced TTPs Coming out of APAC-ANZ

Some TTPs include commonplace first-stage attacks such as phishing or spear-phishing emails and watering hole attacks. These groups also have at their disposal banking Trojans, malware that seeks out and steals credentials, and ransomware, among others. Many criminal groups are proficient in activity to facilitate carding and reshipment fraud, the theft and sale of personally identifiable information, as well as more technically involved operations, including the sale of compromised RDP hosts, developing proxy and anonymization tools (to circumvent law enforcement and censorship efforts), and other tactics to carry out fraud.

Some attackers are also making use of publicly available exploits for common vulnerabilities in Apache Struts, Oracle products, Adobe Flash, Microsoft Office and others. Most of these vulnerabilities have already been publicly disclosed and patches are available, meaning that threat actors are opportunistic in the region, capitalising on lax patching efforts, or under-resourced IT organizations to exploit these security flaws.

Already this year, financial institutions in Australia, Japan, and elsewhere have reported being targeted by a new spam campaign using the Hancitor dropper to infect machines with the Gozi information-stealing malware. Gozi, also known as Ursnif, packages up banking and other account credentials from an infected machine and exfiltrates them to an attacker-controlled server. Variants of the banking malware have been active since 2014 and frequently target Microsoft Office vulnerabilities to gain a foothold on unpatched machines.

Malware-based attacks aren’t the only means of profit for threat actors in the region. Late last year, several Chinese-language Deep & Dark Web forums contained posts advertising the availability of fraudulent identification cards from Australia, New Zealand, several locations in Europe, as well as North America. The fraudulent documents would allow, in some regions, the ability to travel without additional visas, vote in elections, or open bank accounts, for example. Another post also advertised processing of identifications and passports from Australia, New Zealand, Canada, France and Germany, opening the door to citizenship in some of those locations, in addition to the previously mentioned capabilities.

Assessment

Enterprises in Asia-Pacific, Australia, and New Zealand will have impending risk management decisions guided in some part by the fragile geopolitical and cyber climate in the region. As the U.S., China, and North Korea tug at each other’s shirttails in cyberspace and in the political arena, businesses will continue to be targeted by criminal and state-sponsored outfits operating in APAC and ANZ. Any erosion of these diplomatic or economic relationships will trickle down to businesses in the area, and threat activity targeting countries and companies in APAC-ANZ will be influenced accordingly.

 

About the Author

Aaron Shraberg is Senior Analyst on the Asia-Pacific intelligence team at Flashpoint. He speaks Mandarin and specialises in analysing key trends, threat actors, and campaigns emanating from the region, with an emphasis on China. Prior to Flashpoint, Aaron held roles in foreign policy and national security research for organisations including the Institute for International Economic Policy, DGI, and Kharon. He received a bachelor’s degree in literature from the University of Kentucky and a master’s degree in Asian studies from The George Washington University.

Flashpoint empowers organisations worldwide with meaningful intelligence and information that combats threats and adversaries. Headquartered in New York, Flashpoint has offices in Melbourne, Australia and is distributed in Oceania and South East Asia by emt Distribution.

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